Introduction: The Regulatory Architecture Governing Financial Institutions in Bangladesh
Featured Snippet: ???????? ??????, ???????? ?????? ?????? ????, ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????-?? ????? ????? ??????, ???????? (NBFIs) ??? ?????? ???????????????? ????????? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ??????????, ????? ??????????, ??????? ???????????, ?????/?????? (AML/CFT) ??? ???????? (BRPD), ???????? (DFIM) ? ??????? (FEPD) ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????????
???????? ?????? (????), ?? ???????? ?????? ??????, ???? (??.?. ?? ???, ????)-?? ????? ??????????, ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????, ?-?????? ?????? ?????????? (????????), ????????? ?????????? (????????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ???????????), ?????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ???? ?????? ? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????????: ???????? ?????? ??????, ????, ?????? ???????? ???, ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???, ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????????—???? ???????? ??????? ? ???? ????? (????????), ?????? ?????????? ? ????? ????? (????????) ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? (???????)—?????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ????????
????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???????, ??????????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ???? ?? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??, ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????, ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????, ???????? ???????????? (?????? ??????? '??-??????? ???????????' ?? ???????? ?????? ??????) ??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????
?. ???? ??????: ?????? ?????????????? ????????????? ??????
?????? ???????: ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? (?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???), ?????? ???????? ??? ???? (?? ??????????? ?????????? ? ????????? ????????? ???) ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? (?? ????????, ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ???)? ???????? (BRPD) ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???
????????????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ???:
- ???????? ?????? ??????, ????: ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???, ????? ?????? ????? ????, ?? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??????
- ?????? ???????? ???, ???? (????, ???? ???? ???????): ???????? ????????????? ??????????, ??????? ???????????, ????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????-? ??? ????? ?????
- ?????? ?????????? ???, ????: ?????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ?-?????? ?????? ??????????, ????—????? ????????, ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????
- ???? ????????? ???????? ???????, ????: ???????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???, ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????
- ???? ???????? ???????? ???, ???? ??? ?????????????? ???, ????: ???????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????? (BFIU) ??????? ??????? ???? ?????/?????? (AML/CFT) ??????????? ???? ????
?? ?????????? ?????? ???—???? ???????????? ????????, ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? (BRPD)/???????? (DFIM) ?????????—?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??, ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????????? ????? ??? ????
?. ?????? ??? ???????? (NBFI)-?? ???? ?????????? ??????
?????? ???????: ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? (BB) ??????? ???????, ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? (BRPD) ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????-?????????? ???? ???? "??? ??????? ??????" ????? ???????? ???????? (NBFI)-?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????-?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????????
????????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ????????????? ????????? ??????? ??:
- ????? ?? ??????? (LOI): ????????? ?????????? ????? ????????? (feasibility study), ???????-?????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????
- ??? ??????? ?????? ?????: ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????, ?? ?????? ?? ???? (??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????) ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???
- ??????? ??????? ???????????:
- ?????? ??????: ??? ???? ???? ???????? ????? (???????? ????????? ?? ??/???? ?????? ???????)?
- ????????: ??????? ????? (FIA) ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????
- ??????? ????????: ??? ????????, ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????-????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???
- ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? (RJSC)-?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????
?. ????? ?????????? ??? ?????????????? (?????????????) ????????
??????? ???????: ?????????? ???????????? ????? ? (BASEL-III Guidelines, BRPD Circular No. 18/2014) ???????? ??.?% ??????? ????? ???? ???????????? ????? ?????? (CRAR) ????? ????? ???, ??? ????? ?.?% ????????? ????????? ????? ???????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? (SLR) ??? ??? ???? ?????? (CRR) ??????? ????????????
???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ? ??????????? ????? ?????????????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ???:
- ????? ???? ???????????? ????? ?????? (CRAR): ??????? ??% ??? ?? ???? ?.?% ????????? ????????? ????? = ??.?% ??????? ??????????????
- ??? ???? ?????? (CRR): ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?% ????? ????? ??? (?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????????)?
- ???????? ?????? ?????? (SLR): ??????? ???????? ???? ??%, ?????? ???????-??????? ???????? ???? ?.?%?
- ??? ????????? ????: ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??% ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? (?????? ???????? ???, ??? ????)?
- ????????? ???? ???????: ?? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?% (?????????????), ??% (???-?????????????), ??% (?????????), ??? ???% (????/???????????) ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ????
???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???????
?. ???????? ??????????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ?????????????
??????? ???????: ?????? ???????? ??? ????-?? ?? ????? ???? ????????, ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??????, ????? ??% ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??????????? ? ??????????? ????????? ?? ??????????????? ???? ??? ???? ????????, ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???
???????? (BRPD) ????????? ?? ??, ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????:
- ??????? ????: ????????? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???
- ????????? ???????: ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????
- ?????????: ????????? (????????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????) ??? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ???????
- ???????????-???? ????????: ??????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??; ??????????? ???????/???? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????
- ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????: ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ???-????????? ??? ???????????, ??? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ????????? ??? ???? ????
- ??????????? ??????? (MD) ??????/??????????: ?????? ???????? ??? ????-?? ??(?) ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? — ?? ???????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????, ?? ???? ? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????
?. ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? (CFT) ???????
??????? ???????: ?????? ???????????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ????, ?????????????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? (BFIU)-?? ????????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? (Customer Due Diligence), ????????? ?????? ????????? (STR) ??? ?.? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ????????? (CTR) ??? ????? ????????????
???????? ?????? (BB)-?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????? ????? (BFIU) ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???:
- ???????? ????? ????????? (CDD) ??? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????? (PEPs) ???? ?????? ????? ????????? (Enhanced Due Diligence)?
- ??? ?????? ????????? (CTR): ?,??,??? ???? (?? ????????) ?? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ??????
- ????????? ?????? ????????? (STR): ?????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ????????-?? ???? ????????? ??????
- ???-????????? ??? ??????? ???????: ?????? ??? ????????-???? ???????? ???????????? ????????? (CAMLCO) ?????? ??????? ??????? ???-????????? ??? ??????
- ????????????? ????????-?? ????????? ?????????? ????? ?????
???? ???????? ???????? ???, ????-?? ?? ???? ???????, ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????
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