Legal Framework for Copyright in Bangladesh
Statutory Duration and Ownership
Under Section 24 of the Copyright Act 2023, copyright in literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works subsists during the lifetime of the author and until 60 years from the beginning of the calendar year next following the year in which the author dies. For anonymous works or works of corporate bodies, the 60-year term begins from the date of publication.
| Work Category | Statutory Provision | Protection Term |
|---|---|---|
| Literary & Artistic | Section 24 | Life + 60 Years |
| Cinematograph Films | Section 26 | 60 Years from Publication |
| Sound Recordings | Section 27 | 60 Years from Publication |
| Computer Programs | Section 2(10) | 60 Years from Publication |
The Registration Roadmap
While copyright protection is automatic upon creation (subsisting in original expression), formal registration with the Bangladesh Copyright Office provides prima facie evidence in a court of law under Section 95. This is critical for tech companies seeking to protect source code or publishers securing distribution rights.
Infringement and Civil Remedies
Infringement occurs when any person, without a license granted by the owner or the Registrar, does anything the exclusive right to do which is conferred upon the owner. Under Section 76, the owner of the copyright is entitled to all such remedies by way of injunction, damages, and accounts.
- Civil Action: Suits for infringement must be instituted in the District Court having jurisdiction under Section 81.
- Criminal Penalties: Under Section 84, any person who knowingly infringes or abets the infringement of copyright shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to four years and a fine.
- Border Enforcement: Rights holders can notify Customs authorities to intercept infringing imports under the Customs Act 1969.
Consult Barrister Liton Asaduzzaman Sarkar
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Schedule ScopingFrequently Asked Questions
Is software code protected under Bangladesh Copyright Law?
Yes, under Section 2(10) of the Copyright Act 2023, 'computer programs' are explicitly included within the definition of 'literary works' and are entitled to full statutory protection.
What are the 'Fair Use' exceptions in Bangladesh?
Section 72 of the Copyright Act 2023 provides for 'Fair Dealing,' which allows the use of copyrighted material without permission for private study, research, criticism, review, or reporting of current events.
Can a copyright be transferred or assigned?
Yes, under Section 18 of the Copyright Act 2023, the owner of the copyright in an existing work or the prospective owner of the copyright in a future work may assign the right, either wholly or partially, provided the assignment is in writing and signed by the assignor.
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